Portland Community College | Portland, Oregon

Includes general principles of organic chemistry including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acid. Also covers structure and function of classes of biomolecules including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and DNA. Metabolic pathways and biochemistry topics are introduced. Designed for students in a health science curriculum leading to a Baccalaureate degree or liberal arts students who need a laboratory science elective. Credit for, or concurrent enrollment in MTH 95, or equivalent required.

Upon successful completion students should be able to:

· Assess the impact of organic and biochemical theory on phenomena encountered in everyday life including the environment, nutrition and
human health.
· Apply critical thinking skills and an understanding of scientific inquiry to make evidence-based decisions on issues that affect
the environment and the community and encourage lifelong learning.
· Formulate mathematical and chemical models based on quantitative and qualitative reasoning in order to solve problems.
· Communicate complex scientific concepts and reasoning effectively, both orally and through formal and informal writings and reports.
· Collaborate effectively with a diverse team to solve complex problems and accomplish tasks effectively.
· Critically evaluate sources of scientific information to determine the validity of the data.

    1. Active Learning: Problem-solving assignments
    2. Full-class Learning: Recitation exercises
    3. Collaborative Learning: Laboratory activities
    4. Independent Learning: Reading and lecture
 

1. Hand in assignments for grading.
2. Participation
3. Lab reports
4. Testing
 

1. ALCOHOLS, PHENOLS, ETHERS

1. Define and apply the following terms:
   Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Alcohols
2. Examine the IUPAC name and draw the structure of the molecule
3. Analyze the structure and write the IUPAC and common name.
4. Contrast the physical bonding properties of hydrogen-bonding compounds with the non-polar hydrocarbons.
5. Predict the products of chemical reactions involving each class of alcohols.

2. ALDEHYDES AND KETONES

1. Draw the structure of the carbonyl group
2. Interpret the structure in terms of polarity and molecular geometry
3. Examine the IUPAC name and draw the structure of the molecule
4. Analyze the structure and write the IUPAC and common name.
5. Compare the physical properties of the carbonyl group with the previous functional groups.
6. Predict the products of chemical reactions involving aldehydes and ketones.

3. CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ESTERS

1. Draw the structure of the carboxyl group.
2. Interpret the structure in terms of polarity and molecular geometry.
3. Apply the principle of resonance to explain the acidity of the carboxyl group.
4. Examine the IUPAC name and draw the structure of the molecule
5. Analyze the structure and write the IUPAC and common name.
6. Compare the physical properties of the carboxyl group with the previous functional groups.
7. Predict the products of chemical reactions involving carboxylic acids and esters.

4. AMINES AND AMIDES

1. Identify from structures primary, secondary, tertiary amines, and quaternary ammonium salts.
2. Draw and interpret the hydrogen bonding qualities of the amino group.
3. Examine the IUPAC name and draw the structure of the molecule
4. Analyze the structure and write the IUPAC and common name.
5. Compare the physical properties of the amino group with the previous functional groups.
6. Predict the products of chemical reactions involving amines and amides.

5. STEREOISOMERISM

1. Define and apply the following terms
   plane-polarized light
   enantiomers
   diastereomers
   meso-compound
   racemic mixture
   levorotatory
   dextrorotatory

6. CARBOHYDRATES

1. Define and apply the following terms
   monosaccharide
   disaccharide
   polysaccharide
2. Recognize the following from structural formulas
   glucose
   fructose
   sucrose
   ribose
3. Explain mutarotation of glucose via haworth diagrams
4. Explain the difference between cellulose and starch polymers through the use of appropriate diagrams

7. LIPIDS

1. Define and apply the following terms
   triglyceride
   steroid
   phospholipid
   wax
   sphingolipid
   lipid bilayer
2. Illustrate the structure of the lipid bilayer in cell membranes
3. Draw the steroid ring system and number the carbons.
4. Explain the structure and function of a steroid hormone.

8. AMINO ACIDS AND PROTEINS

1. Define and apply the following terms denaturation
   hydrolysis
   essential amino acid
   globular protein
   isoelectric point
   peptide linkage
   polypeptide
   primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure
   zwitterion
2. Write the three letter abbreviation of amino acids, given the name, and vice versa
3. Draw the structure of an alpha-amino acid
4. Illustrate the zwitterion structure of an amino acid and describe the effects of pH on this structure.
5. Relate the concept of isoelectric point to amino acid structure
6. Write the name of polypeptides given the formula and vice versa
7. Illustrate the formation of a peptide link in a chemical equation.
8. Contrast primary, secondary, teritiary, and quaternary protein structure
9. Describe the function of alpha-helices and beta-sheets in protein structure.
10. Describe how electrophoresis can be used to separate out proteins.

9. ENZYMES

1. List the major classes of enzymes and describe their functions using chemical equations.
2. Describe the enzyme active site
3. Explain the specificity of the enzyme
4. Analyze the effects of pH and temperature on enzyme activity
5. Describe how inhibition and activation function in enzyme control

10. NUCLEIC ACIDS AND HEREDITY

1. Define and apply the following terms codon
   DNA
   gene
   mutation
   nucleiotide
   replication
   transcription
   translation
2. Identify and name the ten nucleotide bases, given the structures
3. Identify the principle structural differences between DNA and RNA
4. Describe the double helical structure of DNA
5. Explain how codons and anti-codons function in protein synthesis
6. Show how the base pairing occurs between complementary bases
7. Explain how a mutation arises in terms of addition, deletion, and substitution of bases.
8. Use the genetic code to interpret the amino acid sequence coded for by mRNA
9. Describe how transcription occurs.
10. Describe how replication occurs.
11. Describe the biosynthesis of protein.

11. TOPICS TO BE LINKED WITH BIO-MOLECULES

1. Carbohydrate metabolism
2. Lipid metabolism
3. Protein metabolism
4. Hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs
5. Bioenergetics