Portland Community College | Portland, Oregon

1. Effectively evaluate patients for the presence of phorias and tropias.
2. Measure ocular deviations with prisms in the clinic setting.
3. Properly identify pathological conditions that manifest with ocular deviations in the clinic setting.
4. Accurately screen patients for ocular muscle imbalances in the clinic setting.

The class will be presented by means of lecture/discussion, audio-visual presentations, handouts and demonstrations. Guest speakers and field trips may be utilized by the instructor as a means of assisting the student in mastering course goals and objectives.

At the beginning of the course, the instructor will detail the methods used to evaluate student progress and the criteria for assigning a course grade. The methods may include one or more of the following tools: examinations, quizzes, homework assignments, research papers.

The student will demonstrate understanding of the following themes, issues, concepts, and development of the following skills:
THEMES, ISSUES, CONCEPTS

1. 1. Extraocular Muscles/Strabismus
2. 2. Amblyopia

COMPETENCIES AND SKILLS

Extraocular Muscles/Strabismus

1. Name the extraocular muscles and their function.
2. Take a relevant history for a strabismus workup.
3. Describe how to perform the basic measurement procedures in the screening examination of a strabismic patient.
4. Define stereo acuity.
5. Describe cover/uncover test, alternate cover test, Krimsky and 4 BO prism, Hirschberg tests.
6. Distinguish between phoria and tropia.
7. Distinguish between ductions, versions and vergences; describe function and anomalies.
8. Fusional convergence amplitudes.
9. Describe the diagnostic positions of gaze.
10. Define stereo acuity.
11. Explain the object of motility testing and why binocular function is important.
12. Explain fusion, diplopia and suppresion.
13. Describe use of the Maddox rod, Worth 4-dot, red glass and Bagolini lenses in testing for fusion.
14. Describe various methods of assessing visual acuity and their significance in strabismus.
15. Describe how to perform vision screening in preschool children using appropriate testing methods for the age.
16. Describe the physiologic mechanisms (motor and sensory) implicit in strabismus management.
17. Describe the role of surgical versus medical (including orthoptic) management of strabismus.
18. Describe the characteristics, presentation and natural history of pseudostrabismus, congenital esotropia, accommodative esotropia and intermittent deviations.
19. Distinguish between comitant and incomitant deviations.
20. Define near point of convergence and near point of accommodation.
21. Discuss the significance of primary and secondary deviations.
22. Define restrictive strabismus and describe the various types.
23. Discuss nystagmus and its consequences.
    
    Amblyopia
24. Define amblyopia.
25. Describe the types of amblyopia and methods for detection.
26. Name the tests that may be necessary to diagnose amblyopia.
27. Distinguish possible treatment methods (therapy) for amblyopia.
28. Explain the use/effectiveness of convergence training.